Morphological characteristics: The spathe has an elongated, flattened body 2.5-3.5 mm long and a reddish-brown glossy colour. Antennal articles gradually widen from the base to the tip (not forming a club). The larva, 5 mm long, is oligopoid and yellowish in colour. The head and the fork of the last abdominal segment are dark brown in colour.
Biological cycle: up to 5 generations per year. It spreads as a spore in the products it attacks or in various sheltered places in the warehouse. The female lays up to 600 eggs usually on the produce and can live up to 2 years. Infestation: Infests cereal grains, legumes, flour, bran, oilseeds, oilseeds, placenta (animal feed), spices and a wide variety of dry plant materials (roots, fruits, nuts).
The Systematic Classification of Tribolium confusum